電捕焦油器采(cai)用(yong)結(jie)構(gou)形式(shi)有同心(xin)圓式(shi)、管式(shi)和蜂窩式(shi)等三種。無論哪(na)種結(jie)構(gou)，其工作(zuo)原理，即(ji)在金(jin)屬導(dao)線與金(jin)屬管壁〔或極板(ban)〕間施(shi)加高壓直流電，以維(wei)持足以使(shi)氣體產生電離的電場，使(shi)陰陽(yang)極之間形成電暈區(qu)。

　　氣體(ti)的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程 ： 在通常情況下氣體(ti)是不導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)，但在高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)的(de)(de)作用下氣體(ti)內(nei)部(bu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子便(bian)會(hui)獲得足夠(gou)的(de)(de)能量成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)自由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子而(er)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，被稱為(wei)自發(fa)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)現(xian)象(xiang)。氣體(ti)的(de)(de)自發(fa)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)是建立在非均(jun)勻(yun)(yun)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)中。在均(jun)勻(yun)(yun)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)中，隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)增(zeng)加，只要其間(jian)任何一點發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)，兩極間(jian)將立即充滿帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)子，整個空間(jian)的(de)(de)氣體(ti)被擊穿。此時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇(ju)增(zeng)加而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)火(huo)花放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。而(er)在非均(jun)勻(yun)(yun)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)強(qiang)度則隨兩極間(jian)的(de)(de)距離(li)增(zeng)大而(er)下降。

　　工業中的選擇 ：

　　根據供電(dian)(dian)極(ji)性(xing)的不同，電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)有陰(yin)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)和陽電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)之分。在工業生產中，大多采用陰(yin)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)，因為在相同的條件下，陰(yin)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)可以獲(huo)得比(bi)陽電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)高的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，而且(qie)其閃(shan)絡電(dian)(dian)壓也遠比(bi)陽電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)放電(dian)(dian)要高。

　　影響(xiang)電捕(bu)性能的主要因(yin)素：

　　由于影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)捕(bu)焦(jiao)油器操作性能的因素很多，選型時(shi)請告知粉塵與霧滴的密度(du)(du)、粘度(du)(du)、比電(dian)阻、氣體溫度(du)(du)、壓力、濕度(du)(du)、流速(su)與雜濃(nong)度(du)(du)等。

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