濕(shi)式靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)擁有(you)捕(bu)(bu)集(ji)煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)中霧(wu)滴和微(wei)(wei)小(xiao)塵(chen)粒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能，尤其是對(dui)微(wei)(wei)細/黏性/高比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻粉塵(chen)、氣(qi)(qi)溶膠(jiao)、細小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)顆(ke)粒等有(you)理(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)捕(bu)(bu)集(ji)效(xiao)果。在(zai)(zai)國內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化工(gong)、鑄造、建材等行業(ye)有(you)著成(cheng)功應用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)績(ji)，在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)燃煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)中也(ye)有(you)近30年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)歷史。當前，燃煤(mei)(mei)機(ji)組(zu)仍是我(wo)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主導發電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置(zhi)，是我(wo)國大氣(qi)(qi)污(wu)染的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要來源之一。隨著對(dui)環保要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)一步提(ti)高，人們對(dui)燃煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)、燒結(jie)機(ji)、鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)所(suo)排(pai)放的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)小(xiao)污(wu)染物、污(wu)染物、重金屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識(shi)不斷加深，對(dui)這(zhe)些污(wu)染物捕(bu)(bu)集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呼聲日益(yi)提(ti)高。目前，歐美已經制(zhi)定了PM2.5的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排(pai)放要求，我(wo)國將來肯(ken)定也(ye)要參照執行，因此應用(yong)于燃煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)、燒結(jie)機(ji)、鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)式靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)霧(wu)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)技術迫(po)在(zai)(zai)眉睫。我(wo)根據，電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)霧(wu)器(qi)在(zai)(zai)硫鐵礦制(zhi)酸、冶煉煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)制(zhi)酸、鈦白粉尾(wei)氣(qi)(qi)處理(li)、鋰鹽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尾(wei)氣(qi)(qi)處理(li)及制(zhi)酸、化肥(fei)行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尾(wei)氣(qi)(qi)處理(li)等的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)效(xiao)果，應該在(zai)(zai)燃煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)、燒結(jie)機(ji)、鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尾(wei)氣(qi)(qi)凈化采用(yong)濕(shi)式靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)霧(wu)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)，肯(ken)定能達到PM2.5的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排(pai)放要求。

濕電除塵器設計原則

① 濕式(shi)靜電除霧除塵器(qi)安(an)裝在脫硫塔頂(ding)部，用來分離脫硫后煙氣夾帶的霧滴和(he)其它微(wei)顆(ke)(ke)粒。濕式(shi)靜電除霧除塵器(qi)除霧除塵效率不低于90%(PM2.5及以上顆(ke)(ke)粒)。

② 濕式靜(jing)電除霧除塵器(qi)的(de)設計，其具有較高的(de)可利(li)用(yong)性和良好的(de)去除液滴(di)效果(guo)。

③ 濕(shi)式(shi)靜電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)霧除(chu)(chu)塵器的(de)(de)設計，考慮電(dian)(dian)場內煙氣(qi)高(gao)流(liu)速下，其除(chu)(chu)霧效率(lv)的(de)(de)應對措施(shi)，如陰極系統的(de)(de)固定措施(shi)、電(dian)(dian)暈極線型式(shi)的(de)(de)選用(yong)等，避免電(dian)(dian)暈極線因高(gao)氣(qi)速情況(kuang)下出現(xian)(xian)擺動，導致(zhi)其運行的(de)(de)二次電(dian)(dian)壓電(dian)(dian)流(liu)出現(xian)(xian)波動，影響其除(chu)(chu)除(chu)(chu)塵除(chu)(chu)霧效率(lv)。

④ 濕式靜(jing)電除霧除塵器設備，需在正(zheng)壓下運行，設計時已考慮絕緣箱系統的絕緣保護措施，避免出(chu)現“污閃”現象，使(shi)絕緣子炸裂(lie)或(huo)產生裂(lie)紋，導致濕式靜(jing)電除霧除塵器出(chu)現故障停運。

⑤ 設計特別(bie)要注意濕式靜電除(chu)霧(wu)(wu)除(chu)塵(chen)器裝置霧(wu)(wu)、微(wei)塵(chen)、石膏的濃(nong)度(du)。濕式靜電除(chu)霧(wu)(wu)除(chu)塵(chen)器沖洗(xi)系統(tong)應(ying)(ying)能夠對濕式靜電除(chu)霧(wu)(wu)除(chu)塵(chen)器陽極管(guan)進(jin)行單管(guan)沖洗(xi)，不能有(you)未沖洗(xi)到(dao)的表面(mian)。沖洗(xi)水的壓力應(ying)(ying)進(jin)行監視和控制，沖洗(xi)水母管(guan)的布置應(ying)(ying)能使每(mei)個(ge)噴(pen)嘴基本運行在平均水壓。

⑥ 濕(shi)式靜電除(chu)霧(wu)除(chu)塵器內部(bu)通(tong)道的布置應適(shi)于維修時內部(bu)組件的安(an)裝(zhuang)和(he)拆卸。

濕式電除塵器性(xing)能要(yao)求

① 設備性能滿足設計及使用要求，產(chan)品結構設計緊湊、簡單，檢修維護方便。

② 根據介質(zhi)，濕式靜電除霧(wu)除塵器部件及沖洗水管(guan)與噴嘴均由耐(nai)溫材料制成。

③ 供方應(ying)提供滿足安裝、調試、質(zhi)保期內的(de)所有備(bei)品備(bei)件及工具(ju)。

④ 需方應提供(gong)濕(shi)式(shi)靜電除霧除塵(chen)器煙氣的(de)相關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)數(shu)據(ju)(與負荷有關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan))、供(gong)方應提供(gong)濕(shi)式(shi)靜電除霧除塵(chen)器煙氣出口 相關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理論數(shu)據(ju)及沖(chong)洗循(xun)環程序(沖(chong)洗間隔、沖(chong)洗時間、沖(chong)洗流(liu)量(liang))的(de)相關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)數(shu)據(ju)(與負荷有關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan))。濕(shi)式(shi)靜電除霧除塵(chen)器沖(chong)洗用水(shui)為工(gong)藝水(shui)。

⑤ 供方應提供整個濕式(shi)靜電除霧(wu)除塵器系統所的全套設備。

⑥ 供方應采(cai)取措施使所有煙氣均不會(hui)產生煙氣“逃逸(yi)”(即濕式靜電除霧除塵器本體漏風率(lv)為零(ling))。

⑦ 濕式靜電(dian)除霧(wu)除塵器的(de)設計(ji)(ji)充(chong)分(fen)考慮沖(chong)洗系統的(de)設計(ji)(ji)和噴嘴的(de)選(xuan)擇等對濕式靜電(dian)除霧(wu)除塵器運行的(de)影響(即采用(yong)間斷(duan)單(dan)管單(dan)沖(chong)，解決(jue)陽極(ji)管和陰極(ji)線(xian)石膏結垢的(de)問題(ti))。

⑧ 噴嘴在設計(ji)中應(ying)具(ju)有(you)良好的沖洗效果并考(kao)慮防堵(du)措(cuo)施，要整個濕式靜(jing)電除(chu)(chu)霧除(chu)(chu)塵器陽極管(guan)內表面均能被沖洗到，噴嘴壓力(li)不小于(yu)0.25MPa。

⑨ 為現場(chang)(chang)安裝工作(zuo)順利(li)進行，結構件(jian)在出廠(chang)前進行預組(zu)裝工作(zuo)以現場(chang)(chang)組(zu)裝尺寸。

濕式靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)由高(gao)壓(ya)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本體組(zu)成(cheng)，其工作(zuo)原理(li)與靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一樣，只(zhi)是沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)采用管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束結構，每個(ge)沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)對(dui)應1根陰極(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)線(xian)。工作(zuo)時利用高(gao)壓(ya)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置對(dui)架設(she)在(zai)(zai)(zai)濕式靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)線(xian)施加負的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)線(xian)和沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)之間形(xing)成(cheng)不(bu)均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)壓(ya)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)并且兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)是同軸(zhou)布(bu)置的(de)(de)(de)(de)，沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)各點的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)強度與該(gai)點和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)線(xian)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)距離成(cheng)反比。在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)(xia)，整(zheng)個(ge)沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)部都形(xing)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區，在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區內(nei)，高(gao)濃度的(de)(de)(de)(de)負離子(zi)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi))從(cong)(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)地向沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)做定向運動從(cong)(cong)而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。當含(han)有(you)水霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及(ji)其他污染(ran)(ran)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)進入沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)時，由于離子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)碰(peng)撞和擴散，水霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和污染(ran)(ran)物荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，然后在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)(xia)抵達沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)壁并同時釋(shi)放出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)壁形(xing)成(cheng)液(ye)膜，液(ye)膜在(zai)(zai)(zai)重力(li)(li)作(zuo)用下(xia)(xia)流到靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)下(xia)(xia)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)集液(ye)槽中集中處理(li)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)達到捕(bu)集煙氣(qi)(qi)中霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)滴和其它污染(ran)(ran)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。濕式靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)除(chu)(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)過程可概括為以下(xia)(xia)四個(ge)階段:氣(qi)(qi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離、塵(chen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等粒(li)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)塵(chen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)粒(li)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沉(chen)(chen)集、集塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)理(li)。

濕式靜電(dian)除霧除塵器(qi)具有以下4項優點:

（1）由于粉塵(chen)與水相互(hu)交(jiao)融(rong)形成(cheng)的(de)霧滴具(ju)有(you)良好的(de)導電(dian)性，因此，能夠收集靜電(dian)除塵(chen)器(qi)不能收集的(de)黏性、高比電(dian)阻的(de)粉塵(chen)。

(2) 沒有振打裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而采用單(dan)管單(dan)沖裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)存在二次(ci)飛(fei)揚問題，也不(bu)(bu)存在傳動裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容易(yi)出故障的(de)問題。

(3) 能提供幾(ji)倍(bei)于靜電(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)暈功率，具有很高(gao)的(de)除霧除塵效(xiao)率，尤其(qi)對于細小的(de)粉(fen)塵顆粒、霧滴(di)、氣(qi)溶(rong)膠(jiao)、金屬顆粒、酸(suan)霧等具有的(de)捕集能力(li)。電(dian)極之間的(de)電(dian)場Ex為(wei)半徑方向，其(qi)值為(wei)  式中: ; U:施加(jia)在(zai)電(dian)極間的(de)電(dian)壓；R:外(wai)部電(dian)極的(de)半徑；r:內部電(dian)極的(de)半徑；X:空間任(ren)一點離軸線(xian)的(de)距(ju)離。

(4) 在(zai)(zai)采(cai)用(yong)微機控制(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)和新型放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)極的(de)情況(kuang)下，煙氣中的(de)粉塵顆粒、霧滴、氣溶膠、金屬顆粒、酸(suan)霧等在(zai)(zai)電(dian)場的(de)驅(qu)進速度(du)可以(yi)達到0.1m/s以(yi)上，有(you)的(de)高達0.19m/s。(本公司生產的(de)新型放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)極經實踐使(shi)用(yong)測得(de)二次電(dian)暈(yun)電(dian)流大于0.6mA/m。)

特別(bie)值得注意的(de)是寬極距的(de)濕(shi)式靜電(dian)除(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器，在提高除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)除(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)效(xiao)率(lv)，降(jiang)低(di)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)除(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)成本方(fang)面(mian)有很大的(de)優(you)勢，同時(shi)也(ye)是解決電(dian)暈閉塞(sai)的(de)方(fang)法之一，是目前濕(shi)式靜電(dian)除(chu)(chu)霧(wu)(wu)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器發展的(de)一個(ge)新趨勢。

總之(zhi)，濕式(shi)靜電(dian)除(chu)霧(wu)(wu)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器特(te)點是除(chu)霧(wu)(wu)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)，可達到99.99%,能捕集1um左右的(de)粒(li)子，且壓(ya)力損失小，一般為(wei)0.2～0.5kPa,運行(xing)穩定。由(you)于濕式(shi)靜電(dian)除(chu)霧(wu)(wu)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器里有液體(ti)介(jie)質存在且溫度在露點以下，因此選材時考(kao)慮介(jie)質的(de)耐(nai)溫性。