煉油(you)(you)廠(chang)中使用(yong)的電(dian)捕(bu)焦(jiao)油(you)(you)器常見的故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)有哪些(xie)，電(dian)捕(bu)焦(jiao)油(you)(you)器用(yong)于石(shi)油(you)(you)、化工等行(xing)業的煤(mei)(mei)氣(qi)(qi)、焦(jiao)爐煤(mei)(mei)氣(qi)(qi)的凈化，去除煤(mei)(mei)氣(qi)(qi)中的粉塵等雜(za)質，回收煤(mei)(mei)氣(qi)(qi)焦(jiao)油(you)(you)等化工產(chan)品。其(qi)在使用(yong)中遇到(dao)的故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)和抓體故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)兩個方(fang)面(mian)。本文對這兩個方(fang)面(mian)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)分(fen)析，并(bing)提出了(le)可(ke)靠的對策。

從電(dian)(dian)焦(jiao)油(you)捕(bu)集器(qi)和焦(jiao)炭捕(bu)集器(qi)本體(ti)兩(liang)方面分析了電(dian)(dian)捕(bu)焦(jiao)油(you)器(qi)使用過程中(zhong)常見的故障(zhang)，并提出(chu)了相應的處理(li)措施。電(dian)(dian)氣部分故障(zhang)主要有電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)的短路(lu)或(huo)斷路(lu)、電(dian)(dian)氣元件(jian)的接(jie)觸松動或(huo)損(sun)壞(huai)、電(dian)(dian)氣操作錯誤和接(jie)地電(dian)(dian)位干擾四類，如接(jie)焦(jiao)主體(ti)斷面故障(zhang)柱體(ti)垂(chui)直度和沉淀超(chao)出(chu)、導線電(dian)(dian)極及其(qi)支撐(cheng)結構(gou)偏心(xin)、嚴(yan)肅性(xing)不足、金屬零件(jian)生(sheng)銹、焊點密封脫落等。

煉油廠電捕焦油器的常見故障有:

1、直流電壓低:電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)捕(bu)焦(jiao)油器器直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓水平直(zhi)接影響捕(bu)集效率，當直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓35kv和(he)二(er)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流330mA時，可(ke)滿(man)足生產要求(qiu)。但為保證運行(xing)的(de)高(gao)可(ke)靠性，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)焦(jiao)油疏水閥的(de)空(kong)載試驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不應小于50kv。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓低的(de)原(yuan)因有:一是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈線不直(zhi)，析(xi)出極(ji)制(zhi)作不正確，析(xi)出極(ji)壁附著異(yi)物;二(er)是(shi)蜂(feng)窩管、下(xia)吊架(jia)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈線安裝有誤差。關鍵(jian)是(shi)蜂(feng)窩管安裝的(de)下(xia)垂公差必須(xu)控制(zhi)在(zai)2.5mm以內。蜂(feng)窩狀(zhuang)管的(de)鉛垂線如果不符(fu)合以上標(biao)準，會(hui)給下(xia)吊架(jia)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈線的(de)對準帶(dai)來困(kun)難。

2. 電暈斷線:這是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)焦油捕(bu)(bu)集(ji)器的(de)常(chang)見故障，具(ju)體表現(xian)在控制柜出現(xian)較大的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波動和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場接地。發現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)線(xian)斷(duan)(duan)裂時(shi)，應(ying)先做好(hao)安全(quan)工作，再進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)焦油捕(bu)(bu)集(ji)器尋找并更換斷(duan)(duan)裂的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)線(xian)。如未發現(xian)斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)絲，可采用通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)空(kong)氣試驗的(de)方法確定斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)絲的(de)位置(zhi)(空(kong)氣試驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不超過2萬伏)。此(ci)外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)焦油捕(bu)(bu)集(ji)器的(de)二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)應(ying)控制在350mA以下。如果二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過大，很容(rong)易造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)線(xian)斷(duan)(duan)裂。

3、控制柜故障:電(dian)(dian)焦油陷阱控制柜常見(jian)故障LC振蕩(dang)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)容損壞，只(zhi)要(yao)提前準(zhun)備好(hao)備件，及(ji)時(shi)更換即可。此外，應準(zhun)備冷(leng)卻風扇、控制柜一、二(er)次電(dian)(dian)流、電(dian)(dian)壓表(biao)等(deng)備件，以便及(ji)時(shi)更換。

4、蜂巢管腐蝕穿孔:蜂巢管腐(fu)蝕穿孔(kong)后，將電暈導線從蜂巢管中取出，將蜂巢管的(de)上部六邊形鋼板(ban)進(jin)行(xing)腐(fu)蝕封堵，修補蜂巢管再調整內壁平(ping)整度，防止放電。在生(sheng)產操作中，盡量(liang)控制熱(re)氨水沖(chong)洗電焦油(you)疏(shu)水閥的(de)頻率，以減少熱(re)氨水對碳(tan)鋼蜂窩(wo)管的(de)腐(fu)蝕，建(jian)議(yi)對碳(tan)鋼蜂窩(wo)管板(ban)進(jin)行(xing)預(yu)先防腐(fu)處理。